Waffle and JRuby: Accessing parameters and attributes from request, session and servlet context

In the last post I quickly explained how easy it is to access a component registered with Waffle from your JRuby based controllers. Now we need to understand how to access GET and POST parameters in order service a visitor's request. This is easily done through the parameters variable (also aliased as params) on your Ruby based Controllers. This variable is a simple Hash, so looking up parameter values from your Actions as easy as:

def example_one
  foo = params['foo'] # request parameter
  return "<h1>FOO: #{foo}</h1>"
end

Accessing Request, Session and ServletContext attributes

It might also be useful to access attribute values from either javax.servlet.ServletRequest, javax.servlet.http.HttpSession or javax.servlet.ServletContext. This is, as you should expect, very easy to do. But Waffle automatically wraps each of these as a Ruby Hash. This provides the correct Ruby "feel" when writing your Actions. The following code snippet give an example of how you can access attribute values from each of the 3 contexts:

def example_two
  foo = params['foo'] # request parameter
  fuu = request['fuu'] # request attribute
  bar = session['bar'] # session attribute
  baz = application['baz'] # servlet context attribute
  return "<h1>FOO: #{foo} FUU: #{fuu} BAR: #{bar} BAZ: #{baz}</h1>"
end

Additionally, you can also call any of the Java methods these instances provide (you are NOT limited to methods exposed by Hash).

Auto-resolve values

Now those of you familiar with Waffle realize that Waffle provides a built-in means to auto-resolve a variables value. Waffle will search each of the following (in order) until the value is found, otherwise null (or in the case of JRuby nil) will be returned:

1. HttpServletRequest Parameter (HttpServletRequest.getParameter("foo"))
2. HttpServletRequest Attribute (HttpServletRequest.getAttribute("foo"))
3. HttpSession Attribute (HttpSession.getAttribute("foo"))
4. ServletContext Attribute (ServletContext.getAttribute("foo"))
5. return nil

So with that in mind we can simplify the previous example down to one line. Waffle will attempt to resolve the value of any unknown variable through this means. The following shows the previous method simplified because it relies on Waffle auto resolving each value:

def example_three
  return "<h1>FOO: #{foo} FUU: #{fuu} BAR: #{bar} BAZ: #{baz}</h1>"
end

In my next blog post I'll begin discussing how you can integrate JSPs or even RHTML with your applications.

Waffle: How to access your Java components from your Ruby Actions.

In my last post I gave an overview of how you can easily integrate JRuby with Waffle. Now we will examine Ruby based controller in a bit more depth. Lets assume we have the following Waffle Registrar for our application:

public class MyRegistrar extends AbstractRubyAwareRegistrar {

  public MyRegistrar(Registrar delegate) {
    super(delegate);
  }

  @Override
  public void application() {
    register("the_dao", PersonDAOImpl.class);

    registerRubyScript("person", "PersonController");
  }
}

A DAO, PersonDAOImpl, is registered under the name "the_dao" and we have one Ruby based controller available. Now its probably safe to assume that this Ruby PersonController will need access to the DAO. Gaining access to this DAO from the controller is easy in Waffle, just call the locate method:

class PersonController

  def index
    @person_dao = locate(example.PersonDAO)

    @people = @person_dao.findAll
    render 'person.rhtml'
  end

end

Notice that we were able to retrieve the DAO by its interface. Additionally, since this DAO was registered with a key you can use a convention to retrieve the component. The convention is "locate_<component key>", here is the same controller using the locate_ convention:

class PersonController

  def index
    @person_dao = locate_the_dao

    @people = @person_dao.findAll
    render 'person.rhtml'
  end

end

As you can see this makes writing Ruby based Controllers/Actions with Waffle really easy. In my next post I'll detail how to access request parameter and context attributes with ease.

Ever wish you could utilize Ruby from your Java based web applications?

Waffle, a Java based Web Framework, now provides built in support for JRuby. This will allow you to easily write your Controllers in Ruby. The integration is simple and straightforward, taking advantage of functionality Waffle provides (without being a Rails clone).

A key feature of Waffle has always been its pluggable architecture. From the beginning we believed that the default behavior defined by the Waffle team might not be suitable for every situation. Therefor Waffle was built following an Interface driven approach. Practically all of Waffle's built-in functionality can easily be extended or replaced. This design made integrating JRuby support quite easy. The next 3 steps give a brief overview of how to integrate JRuby support into your Waffle based applications.

Step 1 - configure Waffle to be "Ruby Aware"

Waffle avoids XML like the plague but we still need to have a web.xml for our applications. This web.xml is where we can take advantage of Waffle's pluggability. The following three context-param nodes need to be added to your applications web.xml. This alerts Waffle that a few of its foundational components should be replaced with alternate implementations.

<context-param>
  <param-name>org.codehaus.waffle.context.ContextContainerFactory</param-name>
  <param-value>org.codehaus.waffle.context.pico.RubyAwarePicoContextContainerFactory</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
  <param-name>org.codehaus.waffle.bind.DataBinder</param-name>
  <param-value>org.codehaus.waffle.bind.RubyDataBinder</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
  <param-name>org.codehaus.waffle.controller.ControllerDefinitionFactory</param-name>
  <param-value>org.codehaus.waffle.controller.RubyControllerDefinitionFactory</param-value>
</context-param>

Step 2 - Your application's Registrar should extended AbstractRubyAwareRegistrar. This exposes a new registration method to use within your Registrar ... registerRubyScript(String key, String className). See the example below:

public class MyRegistrar extends AbstractRubyAwareRegistrar {

  public MyRegistrar(Registrar delegate) {
    super(delegate);
  }
    
  @Override
  public void application() {
    registerRubyScript("foobar", "FooBar");
  }
  ...
}

In this example the Ruby class named 'FooBar' will be exposed as a Controller under the name 'foobar' (e.g. http://localhost:8080/jruby/foobar.waffle).

Step 3 - Write your Ruby Controller class. Notice in the following example that your class does not need to extend or include anything.

class FooBar

  def index # This is the default action
    "<h1>Hello World</h1>"
  end
  
end

And that is all the steps required to integrate JRuby within your Waffle Applications. In my next post I will uncover details on how to access registered components from your Ruby based controllers as well as explain the built in conventions that make writing Ruby controllers so easy.

Argible: impromptu presentation at chirb

Tonight I ended up giving an impromptu overview of Argible at the monthly Chicago Area Ruby Group. Utilizing annotations in Ruby code seemed foreign to several of the folks there. So, I quickly went over the Argible source code to illustrate how annotations can be implemented in Ruby (via the Module#method_added(name) callback). This code alone seemed to interest several of the people there.

Additionally, I tried to stress that the concept of using an argument name as meta-data is what I personally find most interesting about Argible. The idea behind Argible should NOT be limited simply to Rails based applications. Anyone have ideas for other situation where this might be useful?

Shoes: Cross-platform Ruby GUI Toolkit

Tonight I attended the monthly Chicago Area Ruby Group. A fellow ThoughtWorker, Josh Cronemeyer, gave an overview of Why's Shoes project.

Many of the attendees seemed to question the need for a Ruby based HTML-like GUI toolkit. While Shoes is by no means ready, nor possibly even intended for, business applications I did find it interesting. A viable Ruby GUI toolkit would improve Ruby adoption even further. Of course JRuby and Swing integration could be sufficient enough to fill that gap (i.e. Swiby).